References

About this list

Full reference list for the re-examination of the 1994 NIEHS Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children (TLC) trial. This is the richer companion to the homepage citation list — it includes pre-TLC abatement-study background, federal procurement records, the TLC primary papers and post-hoc/secondary analyses, adjacent-trial context, and editorial/letter exchanges. Use the search box to filter by author, title, journal, or keyword; use the category pills to scope by document type.

1992

procurement
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Toxicity of Lead in Children Trial: Clinical Center (RFP NIH-ES-92-31). NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. Vol. 21, No. 27; July 31, 1992. Notice NOT-92-135.
procurement
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Toxicity of Lead in Children Trial: Coordinating Center (RFP NIH-ES-92-32). NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. Vol. 21, No. 27; July 31, 1992. Notice NOT-92-134.
procurement
National Institutes of Health. Amendment of Solicitation/Modification of Contract, No. 1, RFP NIH-ES-92-31 (Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial Clinical Center). Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; October 22, 1992. OMB No. 0990-0115. Source: PACER Case 1:07-cv-01120-WMN Doc. 37-4.

1994

protocol
Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial Group. Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children (TLC) Trial Protocol, Version 9. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; August 23, 1994.
pre tlc
Farfel MR, Chisolm JJ, Rohde CA. The longer-term effectiveness of residential lead paint abatement. Environ Res. 1994;66:217–221.

1995

pre tlc
Farfel MR, Rohde CA, Lees PSJ, Rooney B, Bannon DL, Derbyshire W. Preliminary 12-Month Report of the Lead-Based Paint Abatement and Repair and Maintenance Study in Baltimore. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1995.

1996

pre tlc
Farfel MR, Rohde C, Lees PSJ, Rooney B, Bannon DI, Derbyshire W. Lead-Based Paint Abatement and Repair and Maintenance Study in Baltimore: Pre-Intervention Findings. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1996.

1997

protocol
Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial Group. Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children (TLC) Trial Protocol, Version 10. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; 1997.
pre tlc
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Lead-Based Paint Abatement and Repair and Maintenance Study in Baltimore: Findings Based on Two Years of Follow-Up. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1997. EPA 747-R-97-005.

1998

design
Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial Group. The Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children trial: design and recruitment for a study of the effect of oral chelation on growth and development in toddlers. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1998;12(3):313–333. PMID: 9690266
adjacentabatement
Battelle Memorial Institute. Review of Studies Addressing Lead Abatement Effectiveness: Updated Edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1998. EPA 747-B-98-001.

1999

environmental
Farfel M, Brophy M, Orlova AO, Chisolm JJ Jr. Reduction of urban residential lead exposure: Baltimore's experience, USA. Proc. 5th Intern. Conf. on the Biogeochem. of Trace Elements (ICOBTE), Vol. 2. Vienna, Austria; July 11–15, 1999:710–711.
dust
Rich DQ, Yiin LM, Rhoads GG, Glueck DH, Weisel C, Lioy PJ. A field comparison of two methods for sampling lead in household dust. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1999;9(2):106–112. PMID: 10321350
adjacent
Rhoads GG, Ettinger AS, Weisel CP, Buckley TJ, Goldman KD, Adgate J, Lioy PJ. The effect of dust lead control on blood lead in toddlers: a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 1999;103(3):551–555.
conductvitaminae
Rogan WJ, Ragan NB, Damokosh AI, Davoli C, Shaffer TR, Jones RL, et al. Recall of a lead-contaminated vitamin and mineral supplement in a clinical trial. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 1999;8(5):343–350. PMID: 15073911
iron status
Serwint JR, Damokosh AI, Berger OG, Chisolm JJ Jr, Gunter EW, Jones RL, et al. No difference in iron status between children with low and moderate lead exposure. J Pediatr. 1999;135(1):108–110. PMID: 10393615
dust
Yiin LM. Childhood lead exposure: effectiveness of cleaning intervention and influences of seasonality and home floor-surfacing types. [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University and UMDNJ; 1999.
primarymethods
Rogan WJ; TLC Investigators. Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children (TLC) Trial: Effect of Succimer in Toddlers with Blood Leads of 20–44 μg/dl. Pediatr Res. 1999;45(4):106. Abstract 614.

2000

primarysecondary
Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial Group. Safety and efficacy of succimer in toddlers with blood lead levels of 20–44 μg/dL. Pediatr Res. 2000;48(5):593–599. PMID: 11044477
case report
Dietrich KN, Berger OG, Bhattacharya A. Symptomatic lead poisoning in infancy: a prospective case analysis. J Pediatr. 2000;137(4):568–571. PMID: 11035840
environmental
Farfel MR, Chisholm JJ, Orlova AO, Brophy M, Litt J. An extended study of interim lead hazard control methods employed in the Baltimore Clinical Center of the Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children trial. Washington, DC: U.S. HUD; 2000.
letteriron status
Waldron P. Iron deficiency in children with lead exposure [letter]. J Pediatr. 2000;137(3):441. PMID: 10969282
letteriron status
Serwint JR. Reply [to Waldron, on iron status in lead-exposed children]. J Pediatr. 2000;137(3):441. PMID: 10969283

2001

primaryfollowupcognition
Rogan WJ, Dietrich KN, Ware JH, Dockery DW, Salganik M, Radcliffe J, et al. The effect of chelation therapy with succimer on neuropsychological development in children exposed to lead. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(19):1421–1426. PMID: 11346806
editorial
Rosen JF, Mushak P. Primary prevention of childhood lead poisoning — the only solution [editorial]. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(19):1470–1471. PMID: 11346814
letter
Shannon M, Woolf A, Binns H; Mandelbaum DE; Rogan WJ, Shaffer TR, Dietrich KN. Chelation therapy in children exposed to lead [letters & TLC reply]. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(16):1212–1213. PMID: 11642245
commentary
Henretig F. Lead poisoning prevention, not chelation. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2001;39(7):659–660. DOI: 10.1081/CLT-100108505
commentary
Shannon M. Lead poisoning treatment — a continuing need [commentary]. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2001;39(7):661–663. PMID: 11778663

2002

environmental
Ettinger AS, Bornschein RL, Farfel MR, Campbell C, Ragan NB, Rhoads GG, et al. Assessment of cleaning to control lead dust in homes of children with moderate lead poisoning: Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children trial. Environ Health Perspect. 2002;110(12):A773–A779. PMID: 12460817
post hoccognition
Liu X, Dietrich KN, Radcliffe J, Ragan NB, Rhoads GG, Rogan WJ. Do children with falling blood lead levels have improved cognition? Pediatrics. 2002;110(4):787–791. PMID: 12359796

2003

environmental
Campbell C, Schwarz DF, Rich DQ, Dockery DW. Effect of a follow-up professional home cleaning on serial dust and blood lead levels of urban children. Arch Environ Health. 2003;58(12):771–780. PMID: 15859512
methodsretention
Adubato S, Alper R, Heenehan MC, Rodriguez-Mayor L, Elsafty M. Successful ways to increase retention in a longitudinal study of lead-exposed children. Health Soc Work. 2003;28(4):312–315. PMID: 14679710
adjacentcognition
Canfield RL, Henderson CR Jr, Cory-Slechta DA, Cox C, Jusko TA, Lanphear BP. Intellectual impairment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 μg per deciliter. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(16):1517–1526. PMID: 12700371
editorial
Rogan WJ, Ware JH. Exposure to lead in children — how low is low enough? N Engl J Med. 2003;348(16):1515–1516. PMID: 12700370

2004

followuppost hoccognition
Dietrich KN, Ware JH, Salganik M, Radcliffe J, Rogan WJ, Rhoads GG, et al. Effect of chelation therapy on the neuropsychological and behavioral development of lead-exposed children after school entry. Pediatrics. 2004;114(1):19–26. PMID: 15231903
secondarygrowth
Peterson KE, Salganik M, Campbell C, Rhoads GG, Rubin J, Berger OG, et al. Effect of succimer on growth of preschool children with moderate blood lead levels. Environ Health Perspect. 2004;112(2):233–237. PMID: 14754579

2005

post hoccognition
Chen A, Dietrich KN, Ware JH, Radcliffe J, Rogan WJ. IQ and blood lead from 2 to 7 years of age: are the effects in older children the residual of high blood lead concentrations in 2-year-olds? Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113(5):597–601. PMID: 15866769
commentarybehavior
Chen A, Rogan WJ. Improving behavior of lead-exposed children: micronutrient supplementation, chelation, or prevention. J Pediatr. 2005;147(5):570–571. PMID: 16291342

2006

secondaryblood pressure
Chen A, Rhoads GG, Cai B, Salganik M, Rogan WJ. The effect of chelation on blood pressure in lead-exposed children: a randomized study. Environ Health Perspect. 2006;114(4):579–583. PMID: 16581549
post hoccognition
Chen A, Schwarz D, Radcliffe J, Rogan WJ. Maternal IQ, child IQ, behavior, and achievement in urban 5–7 year olds. Pediatr Res. 2006;59(3):471–477. PMID: 16492992

2007

post hocbehavior
Chen A, Cai B, Dietrich KN, Radcliffe J, Rogan WJ. Lead exposure, IQ, and behavior in urban 5–7 year olds: does lead affect behavior only by lowering IQ? Pediatrics. 2007;119(3):e650–e658. PMID: 17332184
secondarymotor
Bhattacharya A, Shukla R, Auyang ED, Dietrich KN, Bornschein RL. Effect of succimer chelation therapy on postural balance and gait outcomes in children with early exposure to environmental lead. Neurotoxicology. 2007;28(3):686–695. PMID: 17499360

2009

post hoccadmium
Cao Y, Chen A, Radcliffe J, Dietrich KN, Jones RL, Caldwell KL, Rogan WJ. Postnatal cadmium exposure, neurodevelopment, and blood pressure in children at 2, 5, and 7 years of age. Environ Health Perspect. 2009;117(10):1580–1586. PMID: 20019909

2010

post hocmercury
Cao Y, Chen A, Jones RL, Radcliffe J, Caldwell KL, Dietrich KN, Rogan WJ. Does background postnatal methyl mercury exposure in toddlers affect cognition and behavior? Neurotoxicology. 2010;31(1):1–9. PMID: 19969021

2011

post hocmercury
Cao Y, Chen A, Jones RL, Radcliffe J, Caldwell KL, Peddada S, Rogan WJ. Efficacy of succimer chelation of mercury at background exposures in toddlers: a randomized trial. J Pediatr. 2011;158(3):480–485.e1. PMID: 20889164

2013

commentary
McKay CA. Role of Chelation in the Treatment of Lead Poisoning: Discussion of the Treatment of Lead-Exposed Children Trial (TLC). J Med Toxicol. 2013;9:339–343.
post hoccadmium
Cao Y, Chen A, Bottai M, Jones RL, Radcliffe J, Rogan WJ. The impact of succimer chelation on blood cadmium in children with background exposures: a randomized trial. J Pediatr. 2013;163(2):598–600. PMID: 23591107

2014

post hocmercury
Wang Y, Chen A, Dietrich KN, Radcliffe J, Caldwell KL, Rogan WJ. Postnatal exposure to methyl mercury and neuropsychological development in 7-year-old urban inner-city children exposed to lead in the United States. Child Neuropsychol. 2014;20(5):527–538. PMID: 23971942